RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo é determinar algumas características dos frutos de 19 linhagens diferentes hibridizadas por estudos regulares anteriores. Essas linhas foram examinadas a fim de determinar as diferenças entre os componentes voláteis e revelar as diferenças em comparação com os pais. Altura da planta (cm), peso do fruto (g), largura do fruto (mm), comprimento do fruto (mm), espessura da polpa do fruto (mm), pungência, cor do fruto imaturo e cor do fruto maduro foram determinados dos pais e das linhas F4. Como resultado, uma ampla gama de variações foi determinada entre as linhas e os pais em termos de todos os parâmetros, exceto a pungência. Especialmente em termos de componentes voláteis, verificou-se que algumas substâncias ativas são encontradas apenas no genótipo pai e branco (Fenchol, espatulenol e acetato de geranila), algumas delas apenas no genótipo mãe e laranja (α-terpineol, azelato de dihexila e 2-hexadecanol). Concluiu-se que compostos voláteis da espécie podem ser usados como marcadores para estudos de melhoramento.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study is to determine some fruit characteristics of 19 different lines hybridized by previous regular studies. These lines were examined in order to determine the differences among volatile components and reveal the differences in comparison with the parents. Plant height (cm), fruit weight (g), fruit width (mm), fruit length (mm), fruit flesh thickness (mm), pungency, immature fruit color and mature fruit color were determined of parents and F4 lines. As a result, a wide range of variations were determined between lines and parents in terms of all parameters apart from pungency. Especially in terms of volatile components, it has been found that some active substances are found only in the father and white genotype (Fenchol, spathulenol and geranyl acetate), some of them only in the mother and orange genotype (α-terpineol, dihexyl azelate and 2-hexadecanol). It was concluded that volatile compounds of the species can be used as a marker for breeding studies.

Resumen Las semillas de tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum Cav.) fueron tratadas con extractos de plantas alelopáticas: resina de férula (FER, 0.2 g de resina L-1, 25°C, 24 h), extracto de pétalos lantana (LAN, 4 g de pétalos secos L-1, 25°C, 24 h) y extracto de pétalos caléndula (TAG, 4 g de pétalos secos L-1, 25°C, 24 h) junto con un control sin tratamiento para determinar el efecto de estos extractos sobre la emergencia y desempeño de las plántulas. Se estudiaron la influencia previa a la siembra de los extractos ale-lopáticos (FER, LAN y TAG) sobre el porcentaje de emergencia (%), tiempo medio de emergencia (días), índice de emergencia, coeficiente de velocidad de emergencia (%), altura de la plántula (cm), peso fresco de la plántula (mg), peso seco de la plántula (mg) e índice alelopático estimulante (%) en semillas de tomate de árbol. Los resultados revelaron que el tratamiento previo a la siembra con los extractos de plantas alelopáticas estudiados mostró una mayor emergencia y rendimiento de las plántulas. La mayor ventaja del tratamiento previo a la siembra se observó en el tratamiento con TAG. El tratamiento con TAG alelopático dio como resultado tasas de emergencia de plántulas 15% más altas, tiempo de emergencia promedio 3.3 d más rápido, pesos de plántulas 153 mg superiores e índice de emergencia más alto con respecto a las semillas no tratadas. Además, el tratamiento alelopático de FER y LAN fue mejor que el control.

Abstract Seeds of the tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.) were treated with allelopathic plant extracts: ferula gum (FER, 0.2 g gum L-1, 25°C, 24 h), lantana petal extract (LAN, 4 g dried petal L-1, 25°C, 24 h) and marigold petal extract (TAG, 4 g dried petal L-1, 25°C, 24 h) along with an untreated control to determine the effect of these extracts on seedling emergence and performance. The pre-sowing influence of the allelopathic extracts (FER, LAN and TAG) on the emergence percentage (%), mean emergence time (days), emergence index, coefficient of velocity of emergence (%), seedling length (cm), seedling fresh weight (mg), seedling dry weight (mg), and stimulatory allelopathic index (%) was investigated in tree tomato seeds. The results revealed that pre-sowing treatment with the studied allelopathic plant extracts showed higher seedling emergence and performance. The greatest advantage of the pre-sowing treatment was observed in the TAG treatment. Allelopathic TAG treatment resulted in 15% higher seedling emergence rates, 3.3 d faster mean emergence time, 153 mg heavier seedling weights, and higher emergence index compared to untreated seeds. In addition, the effect of allelopathic FER and LAN treatments was better than the control.